The effect of the transmission rate on the formation of endemic equilibrium in the extended SEIR model

Abstract

In this paper, we consider a modification of the standard SEIR model, which allows us to describe the formation of a dynamic equilibrium between infected and recovered in a constant population. The key point of this model is the isolation in the mechanism of infection transmission of a component directly related to the movement of people (transport processes), and direct contacts of people occurring at zero relative velocity (social contacts). Within the framework of a physico-chemical analogy, dependencies for constants of infection transfer rates are proposed for both purely transport and social mechanisms of spread. These dependencies are used in discussing the formation of nonlinear, non-stationary states in the model under consideration, which can be interpreted as states of endemic equilibrium. The dynamics of the spread of infections in the modified and standard SEIR models are compared.